The sea freight is only one line of the bill. From the factory in China to your warehouse in Tunisia, a container passes five stages, each with its own charges. Who pays each one depends on the Incoterms rule you agree with your supplier.
Goods made in Tunisia can enter the EU at a preferential, often zero, rate of duty, but only with a valid proof of origin. When to use an EUR.1 certificate, when an origin declaration on the invoice is enough, and the mistakes that cost the preference.
Under FOB and CIF alike, the risk passes to the buyer at the same moment, once the goods are on board at the port of shipment. What changes is who pays the freight and the insurance. A visual guide with a worked example.
All 11 Incoterms 2020 rules in plain words: who pays for transport, where the risk passes to the buyer, and which rules fit sea freight or any mode.
Bulk flexitanks and ISO tanks or bottles and tins on pallets: how to plan packaging, temperature, documents and labelling when you export olive oil from Sfax.
Invoice, packing list, transport document, EUR.1, export declaration, certificates and insurance: the documents you need to ship goods from Tunisia to the EU.
Freight, fuel, terminal handling, customs, delivery and chargeable weight: what goes into a freight quote, and why a quote with every fee included helps.
Demurrage, detention and port storage explained: what free time means, who charges what, and practical steps to keep containers moving and avoid extra costs.
20-foot, 40-foot, high cube, reefer, open top, flat rack and tank: the main container types, their approximate sizes and the cargo each one suits.
Carriers pay only limited compensation for lost or damaged goods. How carrier liability works, what ICC A, B and C cover, and why general average matters.